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Deng Xiaoping summarized the functions of special zone as "the window of technology, management, knowledge and foreign policy". Shenzhen has become the window and base of internal financing, international trade, technology transfer, personnel training, etc.
The functions of "window" of the special zone were brought into full play through years of economic and technological cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong and horizontal economic cooperation. Functions of influencing and promoting inland economy of this window were effected through the establishment of cooperative funds and investment in inland. Shenzhen has made remarkable achievements by absorbing foreign capitals and associating with inland areas since the establishment of the special zone. By the end of 1990, the city had entered into 7,686 various contracts and agreements with foreign investors with agreed amount of investment of USD 6.18 billion and actual amount of investment of USD 3.25 billion being utilized. More than 3,000 "three-kinds-of-capital enterprises were established and 25 foreign banks were attracted to establish their branches or representative offices in Shenzhen. Meanwhile, Shenzhen had signed more than 6,000 agreements of association projects with 40 ministries and commissions under the central government and 29 provinces, cities and autonomous regions. Over 4,000 association enterprises were established with actual investment of more than RMB 3 billion. The total amount of export through agency amounted to over USD 1 billion. Shenzhen has not only made great financial contributions to the country but also assisted the country in practicing reform and opening as well as realizing the strategic conception of "One Country, Two System". The successful experience of Shenzhen's reform and opening as well as economic development has been widely made use of by inland areas. The brilliant achievements attained by Shenzhen have strengthened the confidence of Hong Kong people in motherland.
Municipal Economic Coordination Office and Science & Technology Bureau jointly held the first auction fair of new and hi-tech achievements, which was appraised as one of top ten national science and technology news and one of top ten Shenzhen news in 1992. In order to broaden the contacting scope, Municipal Foreign Capital Office received more than 1,700 visitors and businessmen from over 30 countries and areas including Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, England, Germany, Hungary, Japan, America, Canada, Thailand, etc. for negotiation of matters related to investment and cooperation, apart from organizing enterprises to go abroad for inviting investment. By making use of the favorable conditions created by national and provincial large investment invitation activities, Municipal Foreign Capital Office organized Shenzhen's enterprises that had projects to attend trade fairs organized by Ministry of Foreign Economy and Trade that were held in Hungary, Spain, Tokyo, Chicago and Houston, trade exhibitions at the cities along the Beijing-Kowloon railway organized by Development Center of State Council and Ministry of Railway, exhibition of Hong Kong's "three high" agriculture organized by provincial commission of foreign economy and trade. With such fairs and exhibitions, enterprises strengthened marketing, promoted their projects and signed contracts through negotiation so that the function of "window" was brought into play. Shenzhen's enterprises put forward 283 projects for investment invitation and signed 45 agreements and 20 letters of intent, the amount of agreed investment reaching USD 0.215 billion. "Tomorrow Shenzhen" investment invitation exhibition was held at "Litchi Festival" economy and technology fair. 5 districts, 20 departments and over 80 enterprises participated the exhibition with 204 projects being put forward. 3000 visitors and businessmen from countries and areas including Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Japan, America and China itself were received. 46 projects of foreign investment were discussed and examined on the spot, among which 37 were approved on the spot with relevant certificate being granted. Liquid funds of RMB 668,000 out of Shenzhen Economic Cooperation Development Fund were utilized and the areas of investment extended to areas including Jiangxi Province, Shanxi Province, Hubei Province and "Three Gorges" reservoir. RMB 27 million was invested in these five areas to support 8 projects that were short of funds.
The total amount of investment of Shenzhen's enterprises in inland areas reached RMB 14 billion. The number of projects reached 1,400, which were mainly scattered in middle and western areas. The operation mechanism of Shenzhen's enterprises that are the model of inland ones was also brought to inland areas through investment, which further embodied the function of radiation and promotion of the special zone so that inland areas and Shenzhen would jointly prosper and obtain wealth. Shenzhen provided over 2 million employment posts to inland areas during the five years from 1990-1995 and invested RMB 16 billion in 1,390 projects in inland areas in recent years. At present, over 1 million laborers (in Shenzhen's over 2 million laborers) come from middle and western areas of our country, among which more than 400,000 obtain the opportunity to work in Shenzhen through aid-the-poor program. The labor income of these laborers remitted back each year amounts to RMB several billion. The functions of radiation and promotion of the special zone are not only embodied by full cooperation with land areas in the respects of funds and material but also by the exchange in management and personnel. Shenzhen was required to assist the underdeveloped areas by providing capable personnel and train a batch of managing cadres through various channels for inland areas. So municipal Party committee and government determined to train cadres in turn for inland underdeveloped areas free of charge each year and send cadres to part of poor mountain areas. The Party school of municipal Party committee trained 250 cadres coming from three provinces (Jiangxi, Hunan and Guizhou) and six cities and counties. These trained cadres brought advanced technology and the experience of Shenzhen back to inland areas and made great contributions to the construction of hometown.
In order to better promote the overall economic cooperation between Shenzhen and underdeveloped areas as well as to assist and promote the economic development of inland areas, Shenzhen municipal Party committee and government have formulated and are actively implementing a strategic plan of integrating three spots, i.e., "inland areas - Shenzhen - Overseas areas", so as to really shorten the distance between inland areas and international market. The advanced international experience of technology and management that introduced and digested by Shenzhen has been or is being gradually conveyed to inland areas to promote the development of inland economy. Some achievements of reform and experiments of the special zone, including, infrastructure project tendering system, labor contract system, cadre employment system and term of office system (for trial implementation), the establishment of foreign exchange regulation center and investment management company and the practice of transfer with compensation for land use, have been gradually made used of and promoted by inland areas so that Shenzhen's functions of being the window of reform and opening as well as the reform trial field and of influencing inland development were brought into further play.
Shenzhen has boldly utilized foreign capital to develop export-oriented economy and bring its function as a "window" into fully play for 17 years. It introduced 15,700 projects of investment from 150 counties and areas with agreed foreign investment of USD 17.816 billion and actual foreign investment of USD 7.71 billion being utilized. Of course, Shenzhen can not attain any achievement without the support from the Party Central Committee, Guangdong Province and inland people. Ministries and commissions under the central government and other provinces and cities invested about RMB 10 billion during sixteen years from 1979 to 1995. Nearly 7,000 association enterprises were established, which respectively became the window of the system or area that they came from.
With the development of economy, the special zone made greater financial contributions to the country. As a "window", the special zone reflects the image of our country that is practicing reform and opening in the world and exerts active and significant influence on the realization of the concept of "One Country, Two System". | 
发表于 2005-1-26 15:01:19